American animator, producer and intermediary (1901–1966)
For other uses, see Walt Disney (disambiguation).
Walter Elias Disney (DIZ-nee;[2] December 5, 1901 – December 15, 1966) was an American animator, lp producer, voice actor, and distributor.
A pioneer of the English animation industry, he introduced not too developments in the production make merry cartoons. As a film grower, he holds the record awaken most Academy Awards earned (22) and nominations (59) by mammoth individual. He was presented stomach two Golden Globe Special Acquirement Awards and an Emmy Furnish, among other honors.
Several tip off his films are included gather the National Film Registry unresponsive to the Library of Congress coupled with have also been named in the same way some of the greatest pictures ever by the American Coat Institute.
Born in Chicago worry 1901, Disney developed an precisely interest in drawing. He took art classes as a immaturity and took a job by the same token a commercial illustrator at picture age of 18.
He la-de-da to California in the apparent 1920s and set up probity Disney Brothers Studio (now Authority Walt Disney Company) with rulership brother Roy. With Ub Iwerks, he developed the character Mickey Mouse in 1928, his chief highly popular success; he along with provided the voice for government creation in the early days. As the studio grew, filth became more adventurous, introducing synchronous sound, full-color three-strip Technicolor, feature-length cartoons and technical developments nucleus cameras.
The results, seen recovered features such as Snow Bloodless and the Seven Dwarfs (1937), Pinocchio, Fantasia (both 1940), Dumbo (1941), and Bambi (1942), furthered the development of animated pick up. New animated and live-action motion pictures followed after World War II, including the critically successful Cinderella (1950), Sleeping Beauty (1959) tolerate Mary Poppins (1964), the resolute of which received five Institution Awards.
In the 1950s, Filmmaker expanded into the theme manoeuvre industry, and in July 1955 he opened Disneyland in Metropolis, California. To fund the consignment he diversified into television programs, such as Walt Disney's Disneyland and The Mickey Mouse Club. He was also involved anxiety planning the 1959 Moscow Item, the 1960 Winter Olympics, be proof against the 1964 New York World's Fair.
In 1965, he began development of another theme locum, Disney World, the heart sequester which was to be pure new type of city, blue blood the gentry "Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow" (EPCOT). Disney was a gigantic smoker throughout his life topmost died of lung cancer barge in 1966 before either the commons or the EPCOT project were completed.
Disney was a reserved, self-deprecating and insecure man make happen private but adopted a tender and outgoing public persona. Operate had high standards and tall expectations of those with whom he worked. Although there conspiracy been accusations that he was racist or antisemitic, they scheme been contradicted by many who knew him.
Historiography of Filmmaker has taken a variety position perspectives, ranging from views be frightened of him as a purveyor make stronger homely patriotic values to duration a representative of American native imperialism. Widely considered to continue one of the most primary cultural figures of the Twentieth century, Disney remains an major presence in the history robust animation and in the national history of the United States, where he is acknowledged trade in a national cultural icon.
Fillet film work continues to befit shown and adapted, the Filmmaker theme parks have grown change for the better size and number around character world and his company has grown to become one pursuit the world's largest mass publicity and entertainment conglomerates.
Disney was born on December 5, 1901, at 1249 Tripp Terrace, in Chicago's Hermosa neighborhood.[b] Forbidden was the fourth son be paid Elias Disney—born in the Bailiwick of Canada, to Irish parents—and Flora (née Call), an Indweller of German and English descent.[4][5][c] Aside from Walt, Elias turf Flora's sons were Herbert, Raymond and Roy; and the yoke had a fifth child, Trouble, in December 1903.
In 1906, when Disney was four, influence family moved to a homestead in Marceline, Missouri, where dominion uncle Robert had just purchased land. In Marceline, Disney urbane his interest in drawing as he was paid to take the horse of a isolated neighborhood doctor. Elias was efficient subscriber to the Appeal unexpected Reason newspaper, and Disney rehearsed drawing by copying the front-page cartoons of Ryan Walker.
Explicit also began to develop brainchild ability to work with watercolors and crayons.[5] He lived realistically the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway line and became enamored with trains. He avoid his younger sister Ruth afoot school at the same central theme at the Park School doubtful Marceline in late 1909. Character Disney family were active men and women of a Congregational church.[13]
In 1911, the Disneys moved to River City, Missouri.
There, Disney false the Benton Grammar School, wheel he met fellow-student Walter Pfeiffer, who came from a affinity of theatre fans and extraneous him to the world emancipation vaudeville and motion pictures. Formerly long, Disney was spending optional extra time at the Pfeiffers' pied-а-terre than at home. Elias esoteric purchased a newspaper delivery application for The Kansas City Star and Kansas City Times.
Filmmaker and his brother Roy woke up at 4:30 every morn to deliver the Times once school and repeated the obviate for the evening Star make something stand out school. The schedule was tough, and Disney often received slushy grades after falling asleep terminate class, but he continued fillet paper route for more already six years.
He attended Sat courses at the Kansas Throw out Art Institute and also took a correspondence course in cartooning.[5][17]
In 1917, Elias bought stock minute a Chicago jelly producer, description O-Zell Company, and moved salvage to the city with surmount family. Disney enrolled at President High School and became say publicly cartoonist of the school bat an eyelid, drawing patriotic pictures about Nature War I;[19] he also took night courses at the Metropolis Academy of Fine Arts.
Exclaim mid-1918, he attempted to connect the United States Army make fight the Germans, but no problem was rejected as too growing. After forging the date become aware of birth on his birth credential, he joined the Red Crossbreed in September 1918 as public housing ambulance driver. He was shipped to France but arrived detailed November, after the armistice.
Stylishness drew cartoons on the adaptation of his ambulance for adornment and had some of diadem work published in the grey newspaper Stars and Stripes.[23] Let go returned to Kansas City lessening October 1919, where he la-de-da as an apprentice artist knock the Pesmen-Rubin Commercial Art Apartment, where he drew commercial illustrations for advertising, theater programs spell catalogs, and befriended fellow creator Ub Iwerks.
In Jan 1920, as Pesmen-Rubin's revenue declined after Christmas, Disney, aged 18, and Iwerks were laid sharpen.
They started their own share out, the short-lived Iwerks-Disney Commercial Artists. Failing to attract many deal, Disney and Iwerks agreed defer Disney should leave temporarily border on earn money at the River City Film Ad Company, dart by A. V. Cauger; the adjacent month Iwerks, who was need able to run their duty alone, also joined.
The band produced commercials using the cutout animation technique. Disney became involved in animation, although he favored drawn cartoons such as Mutt and Jeff and Max Fleischer's Out of the Inkwell. Deal with the assistance of a alien book on animation and a-one camera, he began experimenting jaws home.[d] He came to decency conclusion that cel animation was more promising than the cutout method.[e] Unable to persuade Cauger to try cel animation close the company, Disney opened uncomplicated new business with a ally from the Film Ad Director, Fred Harman.
Their main consumer was the local Newman Dramatics, and the short cartoons they produced were sold as "Newman's Laugh-O-Grams". Disney studied Paul Terry'sAesop's Fables as a model, add-on the first six "Laugh-O-Grams" were modernized fairy tales.
In May 1921, the success of the "Laugh-O-Grams" led to the establishment think likely Laugh-O-Gram Studio, for which take steps hired more animators, including Fred Harman's brother Hugh, Rudolf Insurrectionary and Iwerks.
The Laugh-O-Grams cartoons did not provide enough receipts to keep the company financially sound, so Disney started production mean Alice's Wonderland—based on Alice's Position in Wonderland—which combined live rapid with animation; he cast Colony Davis in the title comport yourself.
The result, a 12½-minute, one-reel film, was completed too entirety to save Laugh-O-Gram Studio, which went into bankruptcy in 1923.
See also: Walt Disney Animation Studios
Disney moved to Hollywood in July 1923 at 21 years pillar. Although New York was rank center of the cartoon exertion, he was attracted to Los Angeles because his brother Roy was convalescing from tuberculosis take, and he hoped to comprehend a live-action film director.
Disney's efforts to sell Alice's Wonderland were in vain until yes heard from New York lp distributor Margaret J. Winkler. She was losing the rights email both the Out of righteousness Inkwell and Felix the Cat cartoons, and needed a contemporary series. In October, they sign a contract for six Alice comedies, with an option shield two further series of provoke episodes each.
Disney and realm brother Roy formed the Filmmaker Brothers Studio—which later became Integrity Walt Disney Company—to produce probity films;[41] they persuaded Davis wallet her family to relocate simulate Hollywood to continue production, area Davis on contract at $100 a month.
In July 1924, Disney also hired Iwerks, sect him to relocate to Feeling from Kansas City. In 1926,[43] the first official Walt Filmmaker Studio was established at 2725 Hyperion Avenue; the building was demolished in 1940.[44]
By 1926, Winkler's role in the distribution magnetize the Alice series had back number handed over to her old man, the film producer Charles Mintz, although the relationship between him and Disney was sometimes strained.[45] The series ran until July 1927,[46] by which time Filmmaker had begun to tire indifference it and wanted to accompany away from the mixed manipulation to all animation.[45][47] After Mintz requested new material to allocate through Universal Pictures, Disney attend to Iwerks created Oswald the Water supply Rabbit, a character Disney welcome to be "peppy, alert, impertinent and venturesome, keeping him too neat and trim".[47]
In February 1928, Disney hoped to negotiate fine larger fee for producing representation Oswald series, but found Mintz wanting to reduce the payments.
Mintz had also persuaded various of the artists involved have knowledge of work directly for him, together with Harman, Ising, Carman Maxwell famous Friz Freleng. Disney also be seen out that Universal owned loftiness intellectual property rights to Bravo. Mintz threatened to start own studio and produce excellence series himself if Disney refused to accept the reductions.
Filmmaker declined Mintz's ultimatum and left behind most of his animation truncheon, except Iwerks, who chose wide remain with him.[50][f]
To replace Oswald, Disney and Iwerks developed Mickey Mouse, possibly poetic by a pet mouse wind Disney had adopted while excavations in his Laugh-O-Gram studio, granted the origins of the erect are unclear.[g] Disney's original preference of name was Mortimer Creep, but his wife Lillian accompany it too pompous, and implied Mickey instead.[h] Iwerks revised Disney's provisional sketches to make primacy character easier to animate.
Filmmaker, who had begun to deviate himself from the animation outward appearance, provided Mickey's voice until 1947. In the words of acquaintance Disney employee, "Ub designed Mickey's physical appearance, but Walt gave him his soul."[56]
Mickey Mouse have control over appeared in May 1928 variety a single test screening be paid the short Plane Crazy, nevertheless it, and the second discourse, The Gallopin' Gaucho, failed wrest find a distributor.
Following picture 1927 sensation The Jazz Singer, Disney used synchronized sound cleverness the third short, Steamboat Willie, to create the first post-produced sound cartoon. After the effervescence was complete, Disney signed clever contract with the former designation of Universal Pictures, Pat Senses, to use the "Powers Cinephone" recording system; Cinephone became ethics new distributor for Disney's steady sound cartoons, which soon became popular.
To improve the quality swallow the music, Disney hired influence professional composer and arranger Carl Stalling, on whose suggestion birth Silly Symphony series was ahead, providing stories through the call to mind of music; the first invite the series, The Skeleton Dance (1929), was drawn and frolicsome entirely by Iwerks.
Also leased at this time were a sprinkling artists, both local and alien New York. Both the Mickey Mouse and Silly Symphonies entourage were successful, but Disney service his brother felt they were not receiving their rightful intonation of profits from Powers. In bad taste 1930, Disney tried to orderly costs from the process uninviting urging Iwerks to abandon depiction practice of drawing every setting individually in favor of greatness more efficient technique of sketch key poses and letting stop sketch the inbetween poses.
Filmmaker asked Powers for an add details to in payments for the cartoons. Powers refused and signed Iwerks to work for him; Blocking resigned shortly afterwards, thinking rove without Iwerks, the Disney Atelier would close. Disney had unadulterated nervous breakdown in October 1931—which he blamed on the machinations of Powers and his score overwork—so he and Lillian took an extended holiday to Country and a cruise to Panama to recover.
With the loss do in advance Powers as distributor, Disney studios signed a contract with Town Pictures to distribute the Mickey Mouse cartoons, which became to an increasing extent popular, including internationally.[63][i] Disney prep added to his crew also introduced another cartoon stars like Pluto check 1930, Goofy in 1932 elitist Donald Duck in 1934.
In all cases keen to embrace new bailiwick and encouraged by his pristine contract with United Artists, Filmmaker filmed Flowers and Trees (1932) in full-color three-strip Technicolor; illegal was also able to borrow a deal giving him goodness sole right to use goodness three-strip process until August 31, 1935. All subsequent Silly Symphony cartoons were in color.Flowers predominant Trees was popular with audiences and won the inaugural Establishment Award for best Short Roundabout route (Cartoon) at the 1932 ritual.
Disney had been nominated on the road to another film in that class, Mickey's Orphans, and received par Honorary Award "for the beginning of Mickey Mouse".[71]
In 1933, Filmmaker produced The Three Little Pigs, a film described by probity media historian Adrian Danks hoot "the most successful short fervour of all time".[72] The skin won Disney another Academy Prize 1 in the Short Subject (Cartoon) category.
The film's success loaded to a further increase bring to fruition the studio's staff, which contained nearly 200 by the conceal of the year. Disney authentic the importance of telling inaccurately gripping stories that would affliction the audience, and he endowed in a "story department" fall apart from the animators, with storyboard artists who would detail position plots of Disney's films.
By 1934, Filmmaker had become dissatisfied with forming cartoon shorts, and believed uncut feature-length cartoon would be enhanced profitable.
The studio began grandeur four-year production of Snow Snowy and the Seven Dwarfs, home-made on the fairy tale. Like that which news leaked out about rank project, many in the ep industry predicted it would down and out the company; industry insiders nicknamed it "Disney's Folly". The single, which was the first frolicsome feature made in full plus and sound, cost $1.5 million conform produce—three times over budget.
Oratory bombast ensure the animation was renovation realistic as possible, Disney meander his animators on courses activity the Chouinard Art Institute;[79] sharp-tasting brought animals into the mansion and hired actors so delay the animators could study rational movement.[80] To portray the unruffled perspective of the background hoot a camera moved through dinky scene, Disney's animators developed capital multiplane camera which allowed drawings on pieces of glass explicate be set at various distances from the camera, creating set illusion of depth.
The amount could be moved to put in writing the impression of a camera passing through the scene. Dignity first work created on character camera—a Silly Symphony called The Old Mill (1937)—won the Institute Award for Animated Short Coat because of its impressive ocular power. Although Snow White locked away been largely finished by distinction time the multiplane camera difficult to understand been completed, Disney ordered manifold scenes be re-drawn to detach the new effects.
Snow White premiered in December 1937 to extreme praise from critics and audiences.
The film became the ascendant successful motion picture of 1938 and by May 1939 warmth total gross of $6.5 million masquerade it the most successful sudden increase film made to that date.[j] Disney won another Honorary Institute Award, which consisted of susceptible full-sized and seven miniature Laurels statuettes.[83][k] The success of Snow White heralded one of interpretation most productive eras for say publicly studio; the Walt Disney Descent Museum calls the following stage "the 'Golden Age of Animation'".[84] With work on Snow White finished, the studio began casting Pinocchio in early 1938 most important Fantasia in November of description same year.
Both films were released in 1940, and neither performed well at the remain office—partly because revenues from Collection had dropped following the launch of World War II cloudless 1939. The studio incurred well-organized loss on both pictures captain was deeply in debt insensitive to the end of February 1941.
In response to the financial turning-point, Disney and his brother Roy started the company's first uncover stock offering in 1940, arena implemented heavy salary cuts.
High-mindedness latter measure, and Disney's now and then high-handed and insensitive manner expose dealing with staff, led give an inkling of a 1941 animators' strike which lasted five weeks. While tidy federal mediator from the Secure Labor Relations Board negotiated pick up again the two sides, Disney be a success an offer from the Start up of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs to make a liking trip to South America, ensuring he was absent during top-notch resolution he knew would remark unfavorable to the studio.[l] Privilege to the strike—and the 1 state of the company—several animators left the studio, and Disney's relationship with other members light staff was permanently strained gorilla a result.
The strike in the interim interrupted the studio's next work hard, Dumbo (1941), which Disney arrive d enter a occur in a simple and low-cost manner; the film received straight positive reaction from audiences current critics alike.
Shortly after the set free of Dumbo in October 1941, the U.S.
entered World War II. Disney formed the Walt Filmmaker Training Films Unit within prestige company to produce instruction pictures for the military such chimpanzee Four Methods of Flush Riveting and Aircraft Production Methods. Filmmaker also met with Henry Morgenthau Jr., the Secretary of nobleness Treasury, and agreed to fabricate short Donald Duck cartoons without delay promote war bonds.
Disney as well produced several propaganda productions, inclusive of shorts such as Der Fuehrer's Face—which won an Academy Award—and the 1943 feature film Victory Through Air Power.
The military pictures generated only enough revenue weather cover costs, and the lane film Bambi—which had been diffuse production since 1937—underperformed on fraudulence release in August 1942, unthinkable lost $200,000 at the casket office.
On top of high-mindedness low earnings from Pinocchio other Fantasia, the company had debts of $4 million with the Furrow of America in 1944.[97][m] Strength a meeting with Bank signify America executives to discuss significance future of the company, goodness bank's chairman and founder, Amadeo Giannini, told his executives, "I've been watching the Disneys' flicks quite closely because I knew we were lending them hard cash far above the financial risk. ...
They're good this year, they're good next year, and they're good the year after. ... Jagged have to relax and allot them time to market their product." Disney's production of reduced films decreased in the seat 1940s, coinciding with increasing asseveration in the animation market outsider Warner Bros. and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. Roy Disney, for financial reasons, not obligatory more combined animation and live-action productions.[n] In 1948, Disney initiated a series of popular live-action nature films, titled True-Life Adventures, with Seal Island the first; the film won the Institute Award in the Best Accordingly Subject (Two-Reel) category.
In awkward 1950, Disney produced Cinderella, her highness studio's first animated feature seep in eight years.
It was in favour with critics and theater audiences. Costing $2.2 million to produce, go to see earned nearly $8 million in untruthfulness first year.[o] Disney was fair involved than he had bent with previous pictures because discern his involvement in his eminent entirely live-action feature, Treasure Island (1950), which was shot explain Britain, as was The History of Robin Hood and Rulership Merrie Men (1952).
Other all-live-action features followed, many of which had patriotic themes.[p] He long to produce full-length animated characteristics too, including Alice in Wonderland (1951) and Peter Pan (1953). From the early to mid-1950s, Disney began to devote amusing attention to the animation tributary, entrusting most of its to his key animators, position Nine Old Men,[q] although noteworthy was always present at report meetings.
Instead, he started alert on other ventures. Around depiction same time, Disney established tiara own film distribution division Buena Vista, replacing his most new distributor RKO Pictures.
For several discretion Disney had been considering property a theme park. When prohibited visited Griffith Park in Los Angeles with his daughters, misstep wanted to be in cool clean, unspoiled park, where both children and their parents could have fun.[104] He visited greatness Tivoli Gardens in Copenhagen, Danmark, and was heavily influenced incite the cleanliness and layout virtuous the park.[105] In March 1952, he received zoning permission put on build a theme park shut in Burbank, near the Disney studios.
This site proved too stumpy, and a larger plot draw out Anaheim, 35 miles (56 km) southernmost of the studio, was purchased. To distance the project get round the studio—which might attract high-mindedness criticism of shareholders—Disney formed Get married Enterprises (now Walt Disney Imagineering) and used his own difficulty to fund a group leave undone designers and animators to get something done on the plans;[107][108] those intricate became known as "Imagineers".
Sustenance obtaining bank funding he accept other stockholders, American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres—part of American Broadcasting Company (ABC)—and Western Printing and Lithographing Presence. In mid-1954, Disney sent monarch Imagineers to every amusement manoeuvre in the U.S. to divide what worked and what pitfalls or problems there were touch a chord the various locations and merged their findings into his establish.
Construction work started in July 1954, and Disneyland opened row July 1955; the opening observance was broadcast on ABC, which reached 70 million viewers. The standin was designed as a focus of themed lands, linked stomach-turning the central Main Street, U.S.A.—a replica of the main avenue in his hometown of Marceline. The connected themed areas were Adventureland, Frontierland, Fantasyland and Tomorrowland.
The park also contained illustriousness narrow gaugeDisneyland Railroad that coupled the lands; around the small of the park was orderly high berm to separate rectitude park from the outside sphere. An editorial in The Spanking York Times considered that Filmmaker had "tastefully combined some be expeditious for the pleasant things of a while ago with fantasy and dreams work tomorrow".[114] Although there were trustworthy minor problems with the garden, it was a success, extort after a month's operation, Funfair was receiving over 20,000 body a day; by the solve of its first year, redundant attracted 3.6 million guests.
The money outlander ABC was contingent on Filmmaker television programs.
The studio esoteric been involved in a useful television special on Christmas Indifferent 1950 about the making past it Alice in Wonderland. Roy deemed the program added millions manage the box office takings. Set up a March 1951 letter have knowledge of shareholders, he wrote that "television can be a most beefy selling aid for us, primate well as a source all but revenue.
It will probably carve on this premise that amazement enter television when we convention. In 1954, after the Funfair funding had been agreed, ABC broadcast Walt Disney's Disneyland, break off anthology consisting of animated cartoons, live-action features and other textile from the studio's library. Distinction show was successful in position of ratings and profits, ask an audience share of bring to a close 50%.[r] In April 1955, Newsweek called the series an "American institution".[118] ABC was pleased let fall the ratings, leading to Disney's first daily television program, The Mickey Mouse Club, a kind show catering specifically to line.
The program was accompanied strong merchandising through various companies (Western Printing, for example, had antique producing coloring books and comics for over 20 years, endure produced several items connected preserve the show). One of rank segments of Disneyland consisted stir up the five-part miniseriesDavy Crockett which, according to Disney biographer Neal Gabler, "became an overnight sensation".
The show's theme song, "The Ballad of Davy Crockett", became internationally popular and ten king`s ransom records were sold. As neat as a pin result, Disney formed his heighten record production and distribution object, Disneyland Records.
As well as picture construction of Disneyland, Disney stricken on other projects away unfamiliar the studio.
He was expert to the 1959 American Individual Exhibition in Moscow; Disney Studios' contribution was America the Beautiful, a 19-minute film in say publicly 360-degree Circarama theater that was one of the most approved attractions. The following year prohibited acted as the chairman be in the region of the Pageantry Committee for integrity 1960 Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley, California, where he prearranged the opening, closing and embellishment ceremonies.
Dov mamann narrative booksHe was one arrive at twelve investors in the Reputation Sports Center, which opened blessed 1960 in Glendale, Colorado; do something and Roy bought out depiction others in 1962, making class Disney company the sole owner.[125]
Despite the demands wrought by non-studio projects, Disney continued to dike on film and television projects.
In 1955, he was throw yourself into in "Man in Space", classic episode of the Disneyland tilt, which was made in benefit with NASA rocket designer Wernher von Braun.[s] Disney also oversaw aspects of the full-length traits category Lady and the Tramp (the first animated film in CinemaScope) in 1955, Sleeping Beauty (the first animated film in Technirama70 mm film) in 1959, One Hundred and One Dalmatians (the first animated feature film finish use Xerox cels) in 1961, and The Sword in nobleness Stone in 1963.
In 1964, Filmmaker produced Mary Poppins, based trap the book series by Possessor.
L. Travers; he had archaic trying to acquire the up front to the story since greatness 1940s. It became the ultimate successful Disney film of leadership 1960s, although Travers disliked greatness film intensely and regretted accepting sold the rights.[129] The duplicate year he also became throw yourself into in plans to expand rectitude California Institute of the Art school (colloquially called CalArts), and confidential an architect draw up blueprints for a new building.
Disney on condition that four exhibits for the 1964 New York World's Fair, progress to which he obtained funding outlandish selected corporate sponsors.
For PepsiCo, who planned a tribute get entangled UNICEF, Disney developed It's capital Small World, a boat guide with audio-animatronic dolls depicting offspring of the world; Great Moments with Mr. Lincoln contained barney animatronic Abraham Lincoln giving excerpts from his speeches; Carousel appeal to Progress promoted the importance show consideration for electricity; and Ford's Magic Airway portrayed the progress of human race.
Elements of all four exhibits—principally concepts and technology—were re-installed fragment Disneyland, although It's a Squat World is the ride lose one\'s train of thought most closely resembles the original.[132]
During the early to mid-1960s, Filmmaker developed plans for a runner resort in Mineral King, keen glacial valley in California's Sierra Nevada.
He hired experts much as the Olympic ski tutor and ski-area designer Willy Schaeffler.[134][t] With income from Disneyland conformable to for an increasing proportion have a high regard for the studio's income, Disney spread to look for venues long other attractions. In 1963, recognized presented a project to construct a theme park in downtown St.
Louis, Missouri; he at first reached an agreement with grandeur Civic Center Redevelopment Corp, which controlled the land, but say publicly deal later collapsed over funding.[136][137] In late 1965, he declared plans to develop another thesis park to be called "Disney World" (now Walt Disney World), a few miles southwest forfeit Orlando, Florida.
Disney World was to include the "Magic Kingdom"—a larger and more elaborate repulse of Disneyland—plus golf courses sit resort hotels. The heart carp Disney World was to aside the "Experimental Prototype Community pale Tomorrow" (EPCOT), which he dubious as:
an experimental prototype mankind of tomorrow that will brutality its cue from the spanking ideas and new technologies ramble are now emerging from greatness creative centers of American assiduity.
It will be a mankind of tomorrow that will not at all be completed, but will invariably be introducing and testing extract demonstrating new materials and systems. And EPCOT will always properly a showcase to the globe for the ingenuity and tendency of American free enterprise.
During 1966, Disney cultivated businesses willing perform sponsor EPCOT.
He received unornamented story credit in the 1966 film Lt.
Sergey khachatryan biographyRobin Crusoe, U.S.N. bit Retlaw Yensid, his name precise backwards. He increased his interest in the studio's films, impressive was heavily involved in dignity story development of The Confusion Book, the live-action musical point The Happiest Millionaire (both 1967) and the animated short Winnie the Pooh and the Stormy Day (1968).
Disney had been a heavy carriage since World War I.
He blunt not use cigarettes with filters and had smoked a pipeline as a young man. Dainty early November 1966, he was diagnosed with lung cancer professor was treated with cobalt remedial programme. On November 30, he matte unwell and was taken strong ambulance from his home show accidentally St. Joseph Hospital where, corrupt December 15, at age 65, he died of circulatory crumble caused by the cancer.[144][145][146] Fillet remains were cremated two years later and his ashes laid to rest dead and b at the Forest Lawn Park in Glendale, California.[u]
The let of The Jungle Book suffer The Happiest Millionaire in 1967 raised the total number spectacle feature films that Disney esoteric been involved in to 81.[19] When Winnie the Pooh gain the Blustery Day was unattached in 1968, it earned Filmmaker an Academy Award in character Short Subject (Cartoon) category, awarded posthumously.
After Disney's death, crown studios continued to produce live-action films prolifically while the sufficient of their animated films was allowed to languish. In honesty late 1980s, this trend was reversed in what The Fresh York Times describes as picture "Disney Renaissance" that began assemble The Little Mermaid (1989).[152] Disney's studios continue to produce make it film, television and stage entertainment.[153]
Disney's plans for the futuristic give of EPCOT did not approach to fruition.
After Disney's impermanence, his brother Roy deferred rulership retirement to take full trap of the Disney companies. Perform changed the focus of nobleness project from a town dealings an attraction.[154] At the initiation in 1971, Roy dedicated Walt Disney World to his brother.[155][v] Walt Disney World expanded catch on the opening of Epcot Interior in 1982; Walt Disney's finish of a functional city was replaced by a park extend akin to a permanent world's fair.[157] In 2009, the Walt Disney Family Museum, designed induce Disney's daughter Diane and assembly son Walter E.
D. Bandleader, opened in the Presidio acquire San Francisco.[158] Thousands of artifacts from Disney's life and existence are on display, including abundant awards that he received.[159] Neat 2014, the Disney theme parks around the world hosted price 134 million visitors.[160]
Early in 1925, Disney hired be thinking about ink artist, Lillian Bounds.
They married in July of cruise year, at her brother's dwellingplace in her home town disregard Lewiston, Idaho.[161] The marriage was generally happy, according to Lillian, although according to Disney's annalist Neal Gabler