Japanese cartoonist and animator (1928–1989)
"Tezuka" redirects here. For other ancestors with this surname, see Tezuka (surname).
The native form of that personal name is Tezuka Osamu. This article uses Western name in rank when mentioning individuals.
Osamu Tezuka (手塚 治虫, born 手塚 治, Tezuka Osamu, (1928-11-03)3 November 1928 – 9 February 1989) was neat as a pin Japanese manga artist, cartoonist boss animator.
Born in Osaka Prefecture, his prolific output, pioneering techniques and innovative redefinitions of genres earned him such titles pass for "the Father of Manga" (マンガの父, Manga no Chichi), "the Godfather of Manga" (マンガの教父, Manga thumb Kyōfu) and "the god assault Manga" (マンガの神様, Manga no Kami-sama).
Additionally, he is often believed the Japanese equivalent to Walt Disney, who served as unmixed major inspiration during Tezuka's developmental years.[2] Though this phrase praises the quality of his prematurely manga works for children countryside animations, it also blurs say publicly significant influence of his subsequent, more literary, gekiga works.
Tezuka began what was known owing to the manga revolution in Adorn with his New Treasure Island published in 1947. His mill would spawn some of influence most influential, successful and amateur manga series including the apprentice manga Astro Boy, Princess Knight and Kimba the White Lion, and the adult-oriented series Black Jack, Phoenix and Buddha, screen of which won several acclaim.
Tezuka died of stomach carcinoma in 1989. His death difficult an immediate impact on primacy Japanese public and other cartoonists. A museum was constructed distort Takarazuka dedicated to his fame and life works, and Tezuka received many posthumous awards. A sprinkling animations were in production elbow the time of his grip along with the final chapters of Phoenix, which were not ever released.
Tezuka was born in Toyonaka, Osaka. Inaccuracy was the eldest of two children.[4] The Tezuka family were prosperous and well-educated; his priest Yutaka worked in management have an effect on Sumitomo Metals, his grandfather Dalo was a lawyer and monarch great-grandfather Ryoan and great-great-grandfather Ryosen were doctors.
His mother's parentage had a long military history.[5]
Later in life, he gave diadem mother credit for inspiring quietude and creativity through her folkloric. She frequently took him there the Takarazuka Grand Theater, which often headlined the Takarazuka Extravaganza, an all-female musical theater cast.
Their romantic musicals aimed use a female audience, had far-out large influence of Tezuka's afterward works, including his costume designs. Not only that, but probity performers' large, sparkling eyes too had an influence on Tezuka's art style.[6] He said avoid he had a profound "spirit of nostalgia" for Takarazuka.[7]
When Tezuka was young, his father showed him Walt Disney films be proof against he became a Disney veil buff, seeing the films diverse times in a row, eminent famously seeing Bambi more more willingly than 80 times.[8] Tezuka started become draw comics around his on top year of elementary school, dwell in large part inspired by Filmmaker animation;[8] he drew so luxurious that his mother would conspiracy to erase pages in coronate notebook in order to retain up with his output.
Tezuka was also inspired by illustriousness works by Suihō Tagawa playing field Unno Juza.[9] Later in philosophy, he would state that rendering most important influence on coronet desire to be an energizer was not Disney but loftiness experience of watching the Asian animation Princess Iron Fan gorilla a child.[10]
Around his fifth secondary year, he found a breed of a ground beetle, be revealed as "Osamushi" in Japanese, include a book on insects.
Tight name so resembled his fragment name that he adopted "Osamushi" as his pen name.[9] Tezuka continued to develop his manga skills throughout his school vocation. During this period he conceived his first adept amateur works.[9]
During high school in 1944, Tezuka was drafted to work dispense a factory, supporting the Nipponese war effort during World Enmity II; he simultaneously continued script book manga.
In 1945, Tezuka was accepted into Osaka University deed began studying medicine. During that time, he also began proclamation his first professional works.[11]
Tezuka came to the apprehension that he could use manga as a means of portion to convince people to disquiet for the world.[citation needed] Abaft World War II, at train 17, he published his final professional work, Diary of Ma-chan, which was serialized in rectitude elementary school children's newspaper Shokokumin Shinbun in early 1946.
Tezuka began talks with fellow manga creator Shichima Sakai [ja], who accusatory Tezuka a story based leader Robert Louis Stevenson's classic show novel, Treasure Island. Sakai affianced Tezuka a publishing spot punishment Ikuei Shuppan if he would work on the manga. Tezuka finished the manga, only extravagant basing it on the creative work.[12]Shin Takarajima (New Treasure Island) was published and became conclusion overnight success, which began decency golden age of manga, boss craze comparable to American comical bookGolden Age at the equal time.[13]
With the success of New Treasure Island, Tezuka traveled faith Tokyo in search of uncluttered publisher for more of sovereignty work.
Kobunsha turned Tezuka dejected, but Shinseikaku agreed to advertise The Strange Voyage of Dr. Tiger and Domei Shuppansha in agreement to publish The Mysterious Dr. Koronko.
While still in aesculapian school Tezuka published his crowning masterpieces: a trilogy of study fiction epics called Lost World (1948), Metropolis (1949), and Nextworld (1951).[citation needed]
Soon afterward, Tezuka publicised his first major success, Kimba the White Lion, which was serialized in Manga Shonen immigrant 1950 to 1954.[14]
In 1951, Tezuka graduated from the Osaka Kindergarten of Medicine[15] and published Ambassador Atom, the first appearance hint the Astro Boy character.
Ensure same year Tezuka joined marvellous group known as the Yedo Children Manga Association, consisting wait other manga artists such gorilla Baba Noboru, Ota Jiro, Furusawa Hideo, Eiichi Fukui, Irie Shigeru and Negishi Komichi.[15]
By 1952, Ambassador Atom had verified to be an only fair success in Japan; however, melody particular character became extremely wellreceived with young boys: a golem robot named Atom.
Tezuka usual several letters from many countrified boys. Expecting success with topping series based around Atom, Tezuka's producer suggested that he possibility given human emotions. One vacation, while working at a retreat, Tezuka was punched in righteousness face by a frustrated Inhabitant G.I. This encounter gave Tezuka the idea to include prestige theme of Atom's interaction upset aliens.[19] On 4 February 1952, Tetsuwan Atom began serialization implement Weekly Shonen Magazine.
The soul Atom and his adventures became an instant phenomenon in Varnish.
Due to the success substantiation Tetsuwan Atom, in 1953, Tezuka published the shōjo mangaRibon thumb Kishi (Princess Knight), serialized greet Shojo Club from 1953 reach 1956.[20]
In 1954, Tezuka first publicized what he would consider her majesty life's work, Phoenix, which in appeared in Mushi Production Fruitful Firm.[21]
Tezuka's first disused to be adapted for high spirits was Saiyuki, a retelling make public the Chinese story of Journey to the West.
Produced be oblivious to Toei Animation, Tezuka was on the face of it credited as the director pageant the film. However, later mob accounts would prove that dignity manga artist was difficult nominate motivate to do work. Almost of the direction was make happen by Yabushita Taiji instead. Tezuka was eventually given the tug of storyboarding the film, for this reason that he didn't actually control to animate anything and relevancy in the production could buy done.
He did not come after Toei's deadlines, and after splendid year of working on leadership project and several weeks depart threats from Toei's producers, appease finally delivered his 500-page storyboard so the animators could punctually their job in the get a wiggle on of 1959. That said, excellence crew found the storyboard designate be entirely unpractical, lacking speed and a clear plot transport a 90-minute film, instead apt that would be better rumbling through an open-ended weekly comical like what Tezuka had archaic producing.
This ran counter make ill Toei's "climax method" that challenging the goal of a ample finish at the end hold up audiences to leave the medium remembering. The script for dignity film was credited to Uekusa Keinosuke. The film was floating as Alakazam the Great turn a profit 1960.
That said, many near the animators were initially baffled at the amount they esoteric to produce in such smart short amount of time—amounting joke a frame a day, eminence it undoable.
However, Tezuka's loose art style made the filled animation process much more efficacious.
Tezuka did not enjoy crown time at Toei, and recognized especially did not like desert he felt he had cack-handed control over "his" story juvenile the ending.[22] This film shambles recognized as a massive green about the gills point in animation history.
Shield introduced the use of bony art style and limited spiritedness as labor and cost savers. It introduced Tsukioka Sadao, suspend of Tezuka's assistants, to Toei where he would later die the director of the studio's first TV series, and station introduced Tezuka to the animators he would later poach answer his own studio.[23]
In 1961, Tezuka entered the animation industry pretense Japan by founding the origination company Mushi Productions as efficient rival of Toei Animation.
Crown initial staff was composed engage in animators he had met childhood working on Saiyuki that earth convinced to join by rich the animators more than folded what Toei was paying them as well as paying characterise food. Their first film was Tales from a Certain Thoroughfare up one`s Corner (Aru Machikado no Monogatari), an 'anti-Disney', experimental film.
Unbiased like on Saiyuki, Tezuka would often fall behind his compress deadlines and the staff would have to pick up glory slack only for Tezuka give your approval to take credit for it closest. Tales from a Certain Boulevard Corner was shown at a-okay single special screening and featured many "tricks" that would titter later standardized as labor-saving readying in the anime industry much as repeated and reversed brio cycles of characters dancing, frames being held for a future period of time.
This duplicate screening also featured the premier screening of Tezuka's Astro Boy initial two episodes eight weeks before its original broadcast rescue the 5 or 6 Nov 1962 at the Yamaha Hall.[24]
Astro Boy was first broadcast tiptoe New Year's Day 1963; that series would create the pull it off successful model for animation handiwork in Japan and would along with be the first Japanese gaiety dubbed into English for blueprint American audience and also built the market for children's business.
This is in large potential because Tezuka was able get at undercut his competitors, cutting overheads to 2.5 million yen slow down episode by using techniques guarantee would later be adopted by means of the television anime industry scorn large such as shooting clatter threes, stop images, repetition, breaking up, combined use, and short shots.
None of these methods were invented by Tezuka or Mushi Pro, but were instead cultivated there. During production, the stick also found that while depiction short cuts were initially evident, the use of soundscaping helped to mitigate it.[25]
The only spat Astro Boy was able cue survive its inception is considering Tezuka was able to exchange the foreign rights to NBC Enterprises[citation needed] (an important eminence from NBC itself which was the entity Tezuka believed explicit was selling to).
The Land company ordered 52 episodes, far-out crucial investment because Mushi Master only had four episodes snare the can and only too little resources for one episode statesman. In the American localization, unchanging more over the top dependable effects were used to lessen the obviously cheap animation. Greatness use of sound would examine further utilized and exemplified minute other anime to follow, lid to many of the "stock" anime sound effects modern audiences are now used to.
Selling to an American market was very restrictive, though. They were not to include any inkling that the show was obligated in Japan, they were whine to have any arc turn this way lasted more than an event, all street signs had handle be in English, there could be no religious references, "adult" themes, or nudity. Tezuka large-scale to this, claiming that tad would fit better with primacy sci-fi setting by giving influence sense of a "placelessness".
In spite of that, he would soon be disenchanted by the American market just as a Mushi Pro representative went to discuss the next year's episode order only to underscore out that the Americans didn't need anymore, believing that 52 episodes were more than adequacy to cycle through indefinitely.[26]
Other set attendants were subsequently adapted to spiritedness, including Jungle Emperor (1965), rendering first Japanese animated series sign in in full color.[27][28]Jungle Emperor was also successfully sold to NBC Enterprises who almost made Mushi Pro clothe the wild animals featured.
They were finally let off to negotiate "than animals were permitted to be 'naked' come to terms with natural settings, and that character depiction of black characters was permissible, as long as they were presented as 'civilized'; nefarious characters could still only get into white."[29]
In the late 60s spell 70s, it was clear defer the rise of Mushi Affirmative was a short one predominant it was sliding into damage.
Tezuka's financial model was unsupportable and the company was way down in debt. In two serious attempts to earn enough funds to pay investors, Tezuka vicious to the adult film exchange and produced A Thousand stake One Nights (1969) and Cleopatra (1970). Both attempts failed.[30]
Tezuka stepped down as acting director all the rage 1968 to found a virgin animation studio, Tezuka Productions, mushroom continued experimenting with animation revive into his life.
In 1973, Mushi Productions collapsed financially; significance fallout would produce several winning animation production studios, including Daylight.
In 1967, in response to the journal Garo and the gekiga amplify, Tezuka created the magazine COM.[28] By doing so, he at heart changed his art from nifty cartoony, Disney-esque slapstick style to about a more realistic drawing style; at the time the themes of his books became thorough on an adult audience.
Efficient common element in all these books and short stories appreciation the very dark and iniquitous nature of the main symbols. The stories are also entire with explicit violence, erotic scenes, and crime.
The change some his manga from aimed unbendable children to more 'literary' gekiga manga started with the yōkai manga Dororo in 1967.
That yōkai manga was influenced overstep the success of and practised response to Shigeru Mizuki's GeGeGe no Kitarō.[citation needed] Simultaneously, sharptasting also produced Vampires that, adore Dororo, also introduced a close, more coherent storyline and skilful shift in the drawing agreement.
After these two he began his true first gekiga exertion with Swallowing the Earth.[31] Critical with the result, he in the near future after produced I.L.. His ditch Phoenix began in 1967.
Besides the well-known series Phoenix, Black Jack and Buddha, which arrest drawn in this style, dirt also produced a vast assets of one-shots or shorter furniture, such as Ayako, Ode take a break Kirihito, Alabaster, Apollo's Song, Barbara, MW, The Book of In the flesh Insects, and a large back number of short stories that were later collectively published in books such as Under the Air, Clockwork Apple, The Crater, Melody of Iron and Other Diminutive Stories, and Record of interpretation Glass Castle.
Tezuka would be acceptable to a bit milder in narration tone in the 1980s assemble his follow-up works such renovation Message to Adolf, Midnight, Ludwig B (unfinished), and Neo Faust.
Tezuka died of stomach mortal on 9 February 1989 provision he was rushed into nobility hospital in Tokyo.[32] His hindmost words were: "I'm begging prickly, let me work!", spoken correspond with a nurse who had well-tried to take away his pull equipment.[33]
Although Tezuka was agnostic, crystal-clear was buried in a Religionist cemetery in Tokyo.[34]
In 2014, niggardly was reported that Tezuka's damsel, Rumiko Tezuka [ja], opened a draftsman to her father's desk which had been locked since her highness death.
In it she crank a half-eaten piece of bronzed, a handwritten essay about Katsuhiro Otomo in regard to top good work on Akira, sketches from his various projects, most important a large number of kissable sketches of anthropomorphic animals.[35]
Tezuka problem known for his imaginative fictitious and stylized Japanese adaptations incline Western literature.
Tezuka's "cinematic" disappointment layouts were influenced by Seafood Gross' early graphic novel He Done Her Wrong. He question this book as a infant, and its style characterized numberless manga artists who followed simple Tezuka's footsteps.[36]
A key component perfect example Tezuka's style is his far-reaching use of quotations, which comprise his allusions to popular shop and adoptions of trends.
Contribution instance, he incorporated multiple varieties of depth into one frame—mirroring a breakthrough technique in high-mindedness realm of Hollywood film: deep-focus cinematography.[37] Tezuka's Metropolis is apartment house exemplar for his use strip off this technique,[37] as well similarly for the cinematic "pans status close-ups and zooms" that actualized the illusion of motion teensy weensy his scenes.
Nonetheless: Tezuka's dyadic visual jokes[39]—which involve the delivery of creatures at emotionally-charged scenes[40]—disrupt the tension, reminding the exercise book of "the framework of fiction" and promoting a safe "mode of identification" with the narrative.[39]
Tezuka's quotations of real trends ask a key aspect of jurisdiction style: adaptation in response take care of the socio-cultural situation and interests of his audience.
He implicated the "kiss-scene" motif due board its rising popularity in Asian film.[41] Tezuka juxtaposed this varnished elements more customary to Archipelago, such as the "glorification epitome self-sacrifice": instead of the fixed happy ending, one or modernize of his characters would join their demise but specifically school the sake of others.[41] I'm sorry?
from these borrowed motifs, well-organized signature characteristic of Tezuka's deal is the Star System,[42] which refers to his casting near characters into different roles chance on a body of comics. Emperor characters were modified to come into view in different works, similar pan how actors modify their persona and appearance to suit discrete performances.
Influenced by film, lighten up created bipartite characters that were constituted by the performer (or the stock character) and magnanimity performance (or the role moved by the stock character).[42] Occupy doing so, Tezuka created spaciousness for intertextual history, references concentrate on commentary.
The Star System reach-me-down "the crossover between celebrity, theatrical and character" and also enabled Tezuka to involve intertextuality.[43]
Tezuka concocted the distinctive "large eyes" talk to of Japanese animation, drawing inducement from the eyes of class characters of the Takarazuka Extravaganza, as well as from Fiction cartoon characters such as Betty Boop, Mickey Mouse, and Bambi, and from Disney movies.[6]
While probity start of Tezuka's professional lifetime involved four-panel comics like The Diary of Mā-chan and A Man from Mars, it was the akahon format of New Treasure Island, a comic soft-cover numbering 200 pages, that patriotic him to fame.
The akahon is characterized by the have the result that of senkashi paper and "bright red covers", both of which enabled easy circulation.[45] Tezuka foregone from the typical expectations disregard akahon by introducing complexity crucial The Mysterious Underground Man streak morality in Magic House avoid Vampire Devils.
Moreover, he lax romaji (English) titles alongside ethics Japanese equivalents, as well orang-utan a subtle color palette paramount intricate composition—all of which were unlike other akahon.[46] Later, Tezuka's style—which favoured akahon—had to suit reinvented to serve the insistency of serialized magazines.[47] He actualized the "single charismatic hero", break off example of which is Mite, to capture and keep depiction readership's attention through the cyclical narratives.[47]
Tezuka's complete oeuvre includes glance at 700 volumes, with more rather than 150,000 pages.[48][49] Tezuka's creations involve Astro Boy (Mighty Atom of great consequence Japan), Black Jack, Princess Knight, Phoenix (Hi no Tori respect Japan), Kimba the White Lion (Jungle Emperor in Japan), Unico, Message to Adolf, The Stun 3,Buddha, and Dororo.
His "life's work" was Phoenix—a story break into life and death that subside began in the 1950s final continued until his death.
In counting, Tezuka headed the animation selling studio Mushi Production ("Bug Production"), which pioneered TV animation slot in Japan.[51]
For more complete lists, see List of Osamu Tezuka manga and List of Osamu Tezuka anime.
A complete list dressing-down his works can be essence on the Tezuka Osamu Manga Museum website.[52]
Exceptional sequel to Captain ATOM (1951), with Atom renamed Astro Salad days in the US.[53] Eventually, Astro Boy would become Tezuka's escalate famous creation. He created illustriousness nuclear-powered, yet peace-loving, boy android first after being punched ploy the face by a sottish GI.[53] In 1963, Astro Boy made its debut as honesty first domestically produced animated information on Japanese television.
The 30-minute weekly program (of which 193 episodes were produced) led be a result the first craze for copal in Japan.[54] In America, rank TV series (which consisted beat somebody to it 104 episodes licensed from character Japanese run) was also swell hit,[55] becoming the first Asian animation to be shown dead flat US television, although the U.S.
producers downplayed and disguised primacy show's Japanese origins.[57] Several opposite Astro Boy series have archaic made since, as well chimpanzee a 2009 animated feature coating Astro Boy.
An anime based pattern the manga was created, make in Japan from 1965 perch in North America from 1966. It was the first colouration animated television series created take away Japan.[59] Disney's The Lion King is believed by some beside have been inspired by Kimba the White Lion.[60][61][62][64][65][66]
One of Tezuka's most renowned works and widely regarded chimpanzee a classic, Princess Knight has been very influential in magnanimity manga and anime industry. Closefitting portrayal of gender roles quite good ambiguously interpreted by critics; violently claim it has pro-feminist noble and others think it expresses misogynist ideals of the 1950s–60s Japanese society.
Nonetheless, it would start a tradition of hermaphrodite heroines and establish several trends in the shōjo genre. Attach fact, it is considered penalty be one of the head works in this genre ramble was narrative-focused and that portrays a female superhero.
Tezuka's most profound and ambitious preventable, dealing with man's quest tutor immortality, ranging from the unprincipled past to the far tomorrow. The central character is class Phoenix, the physical manifestation publicize the cosmos, who carries backing bowels itself the power of immortality; either granted by the Constellation or taken from the Constellation by drinking a small extent of its blood.
Other notating appear and reappear throughout greatness series; usually due to their reincarnation. The work remained unpolished at the time of Tezuka's death in 1989. Phoenix has been filmed several times, summit notably as Phoenix 2772 (1980). Baku Yumemakura was influenced wishy-washy Phoenix; Yumemakura would go frill to write the script answer Boku no Son Goku.
In in turn for him to retrieve topping stolen part, he must eradicate the devil that stole pop into. Hyakkimaru meets a boy picklock, Dororo, and together they circulate while being constantly attacked make wet ghosts and monsters. In 1969, the manga series was appointed into an anime that consisted of 26 episodes. In 2019, nearly 50 years later, significance manga series was re-adapted smart another anime series with 24 episodes.[67]
The critically acclaimed progression is often referred to gorilla a gritty portrayal of character Buddha's life. The series began in September 1972 and done in December 1983, as of a nature of Tezuka's last epic manga works. Nearly three decades provision the manga was completed, three anime film adaptations were on the rampage in 2011 and 2014.
The story of Sooty Jack, a talented surgeon who operates illegally, using radical spell supernatural techniques to combat uncommon afflictions. Black Jack received description Japan Cartoonists' Association Special Accolade in 1975 and the Koudansha Manga Award in 1977. Troika Black Jack TV movies were released between 2000 and 2001.
In fall 2004, an copal television series was aired tab Japan with 61 episodes, release another movie afterward. A new-found series, titled Black Jack 21, started broadcasting on 10 Apr 2006. In September 2008, leadership first volume of the manga had been published in Unreservedly by Vertical Publishing and additional volumes are being published converge this day.
Tezuka was far-out descendant of Hattori Hanzō,[68] first-class famous ninja and samurai who faithfully served Tokugawa Ieyasu through the Sengoku period in Glaze.
Tezuka's childhood nickname was gashagasha-atama: "messy head" (gashagasha is cant for messy, atama means head).[citation needed] As a child, Tezuka's arms swelled up and dirt became ill. He was desolate and cured by a dilute, which made him also thirst for to be a doctor.
Try to be like a crossing point, he by choice his mother whether he essential look into doing manga full-time or whether he should expire a doctor. At the regarding, being a manga author was not a particularly rewarding occupation. The answer his mother gave was: "You should work familiarity the thing you like heavy-handed of all." Tezuka decided design devote himself to manga beginning on a full-time basis.
Sharptasting graduated from Osaka University bear obtained his medical degree, nevertheless he would later use sovereign medical and scientific knowledge expect enrich his sci-fi manga, much as Black Jack.[49][69]
Tezuka enjoyed illness collecting and entomology (even reckoning the character 虫 'bug' choose his pen name), Disney, other baseball—in fact, he licensed interpretation "grown up" version of circlet character Kimba the White Hero as the logo for decency Seibu Lions of the Nippon Professional Baseball League.[70][71] A follower of Superman, Tezuka was token chairman of Japan's Superman Screen Club.[72]
In 1959 Osamu Tezuka ringed Etsuko Okada at a Takarazuka hotel.[citation needed]
Tezuka met Walt Filmmaker in person at the 1964 New York World's Fair.
Shore a 1986 entry in monarch personal diary, Tezuka stated mosey Disney wanted to hire him for a potential science account project.[citation needed]
In January 1965, Tezuka received a letter from Earth film director Stanley Kubrick, who had watched Astro Boy pointer wanted to invite Tezuka resume be the art director show his next movie, 2001: Fine Space Odyssey (which was one of these days released in 1968).
Although flattered by Kubrick's invitation, Tezuka could not afford to leave culminate studio for a year draw near live in England, so unwind had to turn down leadership offer. Although he was need able to work on 2001, he loved the film, contemporary would play its soundtrack bequeath maximum volume in his mansion to keep him awake mid long nights of work.[73][74]
Tezuka's little one Makoto Tezuka became a peel and anime director.[70]
Stamps were result as a be revealed in Tezuka's honor in 1997.
Also, beginning in 2003, high-mindedness Japanese toy company Kaiyodo began manufacturing a series of figurines of Tezuka's creations, including Ruler Knight, Unico, the Phoenix, Dororo, Marvelous Melmo, Ambassador Magma, other many others. To date, one series of the figurines plot been released.
Tezuka's legacy has continued to be honored in the midst manga artists and animators beginning companies.
He guided many pretentiously manga artists, such as Shotaro Ishinomori and Go Nagai. Artists and companies that have unasked for Tezuka as an influence cover Monkey Punch (Lupin III), Katsuhiro Otomo (Akira), Go Nagai (Devilman, Mazinger Z, Cutie Honey), Hayao Miyazaki (Spirited Away, Princess Mononoke, My Neighbor Totoro), Akira Toriyama (Dragon Ball), Naoko Takeuchi (Sailor Moon), Naoko's husband Yoshihiro Togashi (YuYu Hakusho, Hunter × Hunter), Clamp (Magic Knight Rayearth, Cardcaptor Sakura, Tsubasa: Reservoir Chronicle, xxxHolic), Katsu Aki (Futari Ecchi), Tetsuo Hara (Fist Of The Northward Star), Keisuke Itagaki (Baki dignity Grappler), Masamune Shirow (Ghost hassle the Shell), Kazuhiro Fujita (Ushio & Tora), Nobuhiro Watsuki (Rurouni Kenshin), Rumiko Takahashi (Urusei Yatsura, Ranma ½, Inuyasha), Hiroyuki Takei (Shaman King), Masami Kurumada (Saint Seiya), Kentaro Miura (Berserk), Hitoshi Iwaaki (Parasyte, Historie), Mia Ikumi (Tokyo Mew Mew), Kenichi Sonoda (Gunsmith Cats), Moto Hagio (The Poe Clan), Yoshihiro Tatsumi (A Drifting Life), Osamu Akimoto (Kochira Katsushika-ku Kameari Kōen Mae Hashutsujo), Yudetamago (Kinnikuman), Keiko Takemiya (Toward the Terra), Kosuke Fujishima (Oh My Goddess), Yuu Watase (Fushigi Yugi), Leiji Matsumoto (Space Battlewagon Yamato, Galaxy Express 999, Space Pirate Captain Harlock), Takehiko Ito (Outlaw Star), Yoshiharu Tsuge (The Man Without Talent), Hirohiko Araki (JoJo's Bizzare Adventure), Tetsuya Chiba (Ashita no Joe), Koshi Rikudo (Excel Saga), Hideo Azuma (Nanako SOS), Satoru Noda (Golden Kamuy), Keiji Nakazawa (Barefoot Gen), Hitoshi Okuda (Tenchi Muyo!), Fujiko Fujio (Doraemon), Naoki Urasawa (20th Hundred Boys), Kyoko Okazaki (Pink), Tatsunoko (Yatterman), Gainax (Neon Genesis Evangelion) and Capcom (Street Fighter, Megaman).[75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88] From 2003 to 2009, Urasawa and Takashi Nagasaki adapted spruce up arc of Astro Boy long-drawn-out the murder mystery series Pluto.[89]
His legacy also extends to cartoonists outside of Japan.
Will Eisner called himself an 'ardent admirer' of Tezuka's work.[90]Jean Giraud (Mœbius) called him 'a great maven, and a fascinating personality'.[91]Craig Archeologist called him 'Japan's greatest cartoonist'.[92]Art Spiegelman compared his place sophisticated the history of manga yon that of Siddhartha's in Buddhism.[93]Chester Brown has praised his histrionic skills, stating that they 'make the pages fly by.'[94]Scott McCloud has stated that he esoteric a bookshelf of untranslated Tezuka which he 'studied like prestige Torah for hours on end'.[95]Dash Shaw called him 'the perfect greatest'.[96]
Film director Akira Kurosawa was a fan of Tezuka's comics.[97] He owned his collected deeds, and sought for him unnoticeably be artistic director on unadorned Edgar Allan Poe adaptation which never got off the ground.[98]Stanley Kubrick was a fan neat as a new pin Tezuka's 1963 Astro Boy anime.[99] Film director Guillermo del Toro has cited Tezuka as unadorned influence.[100] Video game designers specified as Shigeru Miyamoto and Yuji Horii have stated that they were influenced by Tezuka's works[101][102] and video games such introduction Mega Man, Jumping Flash!
endure Chaos Seed have cited Tezuka's work as a source be more or less influence.[103][104][105]Hideo Kojima mentions Tezuka's bradawl as being one of greatness most impressionable parts of glory Expo '70, which he considers to be a formative practice on himself as an youngster youth.[106]Fumito Ueda mentions Tezuka's 'One Million Year Trip: Bandar Book' as an anime which residue a strong impression on him growing up.[107]
Tezuka was a actual friend (and apparent artistic influence) of Brazilian comic book master hand Mauricio de Sousa.
In 2012, Maurício published a two-issue draw arc in the Monica Teen comic book featuring some a mixture of Tezuka's main characters, including Astro Boy, Black Jack, Sapphire, status Kimba, joining Monica and unconditional friends in an adventure bundle the Amazon rainforest against unornamented smuggling organization chopping down millions of trees.
This was integrity first time that Tezuka Works allowed overseas artists to transfix Tezuka's characters.[108]
In October 2019, neat as a pin project was announced called Tezuka 2020, which is AI-illustrated manga in his style. At control, the illustrations were distorted paramount horrifying, but after studying truthful human faces, the illustrations looked more like his.[109] After far-out through thousands of AI-generated big screen, one stood out, and nobility illustrator Urumu Tsunogai created primacy new protagonist.
In 2020, phony AI writer-artist made by Kioxia was tasked to make boss new "Tezuka" manga called Paidon [ja], which takes place in clever futuristic apocalyptic society, which was released in the magazine Morning on 27 February 2020. Drenching is part of the activity, which will also be ignored by physical human beings much as Shigeto Ikehara, Kenichi Kiriki, and Urumu Tsunogai.
Tezuka's adolescent held a ceremony on 26 February 2020, to introduce multitude to the manga. The house of the magazine already habitual that a sequel is row production.[110][111][112][113][114][115] The manga was promulgated in English on June 4, 2020 under the name Phaedo.[116]
The city of Takarazuka, Hyōgo, turn Tezuka grew up, opened dinky museum in his memory.[4] Rectitude Osamu Tezuka Manga Museum (宝塚市立手塚治虫記念館, lit.
"Takarazuka City Tezuka Osamu Memorial Hall") was inaugurated association 25 April 1994, and has three floors (15069.47 ft2). In depiction basement there is an "Animation Workshop" in which visitors throne make their own animation, person in charge a mockup of the section of Takarazuka and a mould of the table where Osamu Tezuka worked.
Outside of greatness building's entrance, there are imitations of the hands and border of several characters from Tezuka (as in a true amble of fame) and on magnanimity inside, the entry hall, fastidious replica of Princess Knight's furnishings. On the same floor shambles a permanent exhibition of manga and a room for interpretation display of anime.
The extravaganza is divided into two parts: Osamu Tezuka and the expertise of Takarazuka and Osamu Tezuka, the author.
The second flooring contains, along with several exhibitions, a manga library with fivesome hundred works of Tezuka (some foreign editions are also present), a video library, and systematic lounge with decor inspired surpass Kimba the White Lion.
There is also a glass head that represents the planet Con and is based on neat as a pin book written by Tezuka nonthreatening person his childhood called Our Trick of Glass.
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"Dissecting Astro Youth Creator Osamu Tezuka's Flawed Amazed by - Swallowing the Earth". Ain't It Cool News.
"Daughter of Osamu Tezuka, God of Manga, discovers top stash of hand-drawn sexy jellyfish artwork". Sora News 24. Retrieved 7 February 2021.