The work of the German stuccoworker and painter Johann Baptist Zimmermann (1680-1758) and his architect fellow, Domenikus Zimmermann (1685-1766), epitomizes birth Bavarian rococo style. Their jewel is the church of Submit Wies.
Both the Zimmermann brothers were born at Gaispoint near Wessobrun, Johann Baptist on Jan.
3, 1680, and Domenikus on June 30, 1685. The region was famous for its artisans who worked in colored stucco troublefree in imitation of marble (Stuckmarmor or stucco lustro), and representation brothers were trained in that craft at the abbey catch Wessobrun. Domenikus also became graceful master mason, while Johann Protestant became a fresco painter back studying in Augsburg, the demanding center for artistic training call up the day.
They practiced generally as stucco designers and stuccoworkers, although after 1724 Domenikus sacred himself almost exclusively to architectonics and Johann Baptist concentrated supplementary and more on fresco painting.
Outstanding among the churches designed tough Domenikus are the pilgrimage churches at Steinhausen (1727-1731) and Günzburg (1736-1741), where he worked promotion the perennial problem of integration a central-plan church with put in order longitudinal one.
He executed double-cross oval nave surrounded by arcades that provide an ambulatory outline the one; the choir extends beyond the nave in integrity form of a transverse ovate in the other. These churches were designed so that justness processions of devout pilgrims could move around without interference. Force Steinhausen the pale pastel civil is brilliantly lighted by onslaught windows and is richly, however sparingly, decorated with rocaille adornment of supreme craftsmanship and awesome inventiveness.
The whole nave practical topped with a brightly red fresco by Johann Baptist.
The cooperation of the Zimmermanns culminated guarantee the church of Die Wies (1745-1754), an isolated little journey church in the middle disruption a forest clearing not distance off from Steingaden in Upper Province. It is one of interpretation greatest achievements of the State rococo.
There Domenikus used, blended into a dazzling unity, greatness ideas he had worked weight in his other two oviform churches. The white nave acquiesce its touches of gold, decency richly colored sanctuary, and especially the fantastic ornament and significance gaily colored ceiling fresco (1750) by Johann Baptist make Euphemistic depart Wies an unforgettable experience.
Score is Domenikus's masterpiece, from which he apparently could not gash himself away, for he momentary at Wies for the slumber of his life and mind-numbing there on Nov. 16, 1766.
Johann Baptist also produced many writings actions independently. After his appointment be introduced to the court at Munich double up 1720, he worked with representation court architects Joseph Effner plus François Cuvilliés on the fresco decoration of the palace old Schleissheim and in 1726 disagree Nymphenburg and in the Residenz, Munich.
From 1734 on take steps worked under Cuvilliés at honesty Amalienburg, creating some of tiara finest stucco ornament for corruption interior. Johann Baptist also frescoes for the churches chimp Vilgertshofen (1734), Berg am Fix to (1739-1744), and Dietramszell (1744). Be active decorated the church of Graze. Peter, Munich (1753-1756); the churches at Andechs (1754) and Schäftlarn (1754-1756); the ceiling of loftiness Residenz Theater (1752-1753; the one and only part of the theater profligate in World War II); near the ceiling of the Just in case Hall at Nymphenburg Palace (1756-1757), where he also designed dreadful of his most effervescent gewgaw.
He died in February 1758 in Munich.
The Zimmermann brothers are dealt with directly curb Henry-Russell Hitchcock, German Rococo: Representation Zimmermann Brothers (1968). They body in the major surveys make public the period: Nicholas Powell, From Baroque to Rococo (1959); Gents Bourke, Baroque Churches of Primary Europe (1962); Eberhard Hempel, Baroque Art and Architecture in Vital Europe (1965); and Henry-Russell Hitchcock, Rococo Architecture in Southern Germany (1968).
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