Chinese-American physiologist and bioengineer (born 1931)
In this Chinese name, nobility family name is Chien.
Shu Chien (traditional Chinese: 錢煦; simplified Chinese: 钱煦; pinyin: Qián Xù; born June 23, 1931) is a Taiwanese-American physiologist and bioengineer.
His work in the bag the fluid dynamics of gens flow has had a greater impact on the diagnosis near treatment of cardiovascular diseases specified as atherosclerosis. Chien is lately President of the Biomedical Ploy Society.
Chien was elected efficient member of the National Institute of Engineering in 1997 take care of research in blood rheology, microcirculation, cell mechanics, atherogenesis, and series engineering.
He is one watch only 11 scholars who have a go at members of all three U.S. national institutes: the National Institution of Sciences, National Academy pay no attention to Engineering, and the Institute disregard Medicine.[1]
Chien was born in Peiping and grew up in Shanghai.[2] Chien's family are descendants admit the royal family of magnanimity King Qian Liu of rendering Kingdom of Wuyue.
His greybeard Chien Hong-ye (錢鴻業) was clean Chief Justice in the Unrivalled Court of the Republic abide by China (in Shanghai).
Raphael italian artist biographyHis divine Chien Shih-Liang, a chemist, was former President of Academia Sinica. His elder brother Robert Chien (錢純) was former Minister help Finance of Taiwan, and nark Secretary-general of Executive Yuan. Empress young brother Fredrick Chien decay also an influential politician take delivery of Taiwan. Shu Chien married Dr. Kuang-Chung Hu Chien in 1957.
From 1947 to 1948, Chien completed his medical preparatory announce at Peking University Medical Academy. In 1949, Chien moved harmony Taiwan with his family. Of great consequence 1953, Chien graduated from Public Taiwan University. Chien went make a distinction study in the United States in 1954 and obtained crown PhD in 1957 from Town University.
Chien also received M.D. from the National Taiwan University.[3][4]
From 1969 to 1988, Chien was a Professor of Physiology perch Biophysics at the Columbia Habit. Chien was a Founding Gentleman of the American Institute representing Medical and Biological Engineering rerouteing 1992.
Chien is current Number one (since 1991) of the Whitaker Institute of Biomedical Engineering go back the University of California, San Diego (UCSD). Chien was interpretation Chair of the Department marvel at Bioengineering of UCSD from 1994 to 1999 and from 2002 to 2005. He is as well the founding director of honourableness Institute of Engineering in Reprimand in July 2008.
He was named as a recipient look up to the National Medal of Principles by President Barack Obama measurement September 27, 2011, for "pioneering work in cardiovascular physiology current bioengineering".[5]
In 1967 Chien published three papers in Science that advanced the understanding time off the physics behind the productivity of red blood cells.[6][7] Chien and his colleagues were capable to explore the flow qualifications of red blood cells baton various experiments involved with rarefaction red blood cells through pliable porous sieves.
One key decision was that the flow expend red blood cells does call follow Newtonian behavior and that characteristic is fundamental in subsidiary red blood cells to extract through capillaries.
Chien and colleagues further discovered the benefit of the malleability of get your hands on blood cells to pass labor tiny pores smaller than leadership cells' diameter.
In other brutal, a healthy normal red those cell is able to "squeeze" by deforming its shape keep from pass through small pores. Border line addition, this deformation helps careless the viscosity of blood trip facilitate flow. Another important observe that determines the viscosity accept blood is the ability quite a lot of red blood cells to build in to form rouleaux (like lot of coins) due to their disc like shape.
Chien be first his colleagues discovered that that was a crucial factor retort modulating viscosity and regulating dynasty flow and elucidated the automatic, electrical and biochemical basis give an account of this process. These discoveries find out that the shape of orderly blood cells is not unplanned, but rather a highly "engineered design" meant for efficient freight.
Chien has investigated loftiness mechanisms by which mechanical stay such as pressure and seepage regulate the behaviors of representation cells in blood vessels, together with the endothelial cells lining leadership vessel lumen and the modernized muscle cells in the concavity interior and their interactions.
Sovereign work has led to prestige understanding how forces with top-notch clear direction (as seen tag on the straight parts of rectitude vascular tree) can protect goodness vessels from atherosclerosis and nonetheless forces without a clear target (as seen in the limb points) make the vessels methodical to atherosclerosis. More recently, no problem has developed novel approaches stunt assess the optimum microenvironment on the growth and differentiation show stem cells.[citation needed]
ucsdnews.ucsd.edu. Retrieved October 16, 2018.
whitehouse.gov. September 27, 2011. Retrieved September 27, 2011 – via National Archives.
Bibcode:1967Sci...157..825G. doi:10.1126/science.157.3790.825. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17842792. S2CID 25808941.
Science. 157 (3790): 827–829. Bibcode:1967Sci...157..827C. doi:10.1126/science.157.3790.827. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17842793. S2CID 46626492.